I think the Big Six steps to problem solving are universal; but they organize the strategies for problem solving in such a way that I think they could be used as a framework for instruction on problem solving. Every lesson, teachers could organize their activities so that each one requires a different step of the Big Six, culminating in the students using the steps to solve a problem on their own.
Teachers must instruct on problem solving because it is life-learning. Problem-solving is an ability to break down any task into manageable parts, and to learn from how it went by evaluating at the end, a skill that helps students to become independent students and adults. Everyone needs practice though; and guidance on how to achieve goals through obstacles.
I pulled the Big Six strategies from their website, as a reference:
1. Task Definition
1.1 Define the information problem
1.2 Identify information needed
2. Information Seeking Strategies
2.1 Determine all possible sources
2.2 Select the best sources
3. Location and Access
3.1 Locate sources (intellectually and physically)
3.2 Find information within sources
4. Use of Information
4.1 Engage (e.g., read, hear, view, touch)
4.2 Extract relevant information
5. Synthesis
5.1 Organize from multiple sources
5.2 Present the information
6. Evaluation
6.1 Judge the product (effectiveness)
6.2 Judge the process (efficiency)
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